Biomechanics

The Fascinating Science Of Biomechanics: Understanding Human Movement

Ever stopped to consider what biomechanics is, and how that will permit you to comfortably stride across the room? Every step, from heel strike to push-off, is a subtle play of muscles, bones, and physics. This dance of the human body in motion follows a fascinating science: biomechanics.

Role Of Biomechanics

Biomechanics explores and reveals the how and why of human movement. It unlocks the secrets behind every jump, every throw, even the way we sit or stand. Understanding biomechanics principles develops a deep appreciation for the body’s remarkable design to both pull off delicate balance and explosive force. What is perhaps most important, though, is that biomechanics has little to do with athletic-performance skills. For example, the way we lift groceries to the many hours spent hunched over a computer, our posture and movement patterns can significantly affect our biological systems and overall health.

Core Principles of Biomechanics

Biomechanics is based on basic principles that rule how our bodies move. These concepts form the building blocks for understanding even the most complex athletic maneuvers. Let’s look at a few key ideas:

Forces and Torques

Consider the push-off of a jump. This motion is a result of the force your leg muscles generate. The science of biomechanics involves both internal forces-(which are generated by your muscles) and external forces-things like gravity and ground reaction force-that act on your body. It is pretty important to understand how these forces interact to ensure you move efficiently. Finally, torques-or twisting forces-are essential in rotating body segments to throw a ball or twist your torso effectively.

Newton’s Laws of Motion

You probably don’t remember that class on Sir Isaac Newton. In fact, his laws of motion might work about as well on the field as they do in the classroom. Newton’s First Law (Law of Inertia) tells you why it’s tough to get a body in motion to stop or a body at rest to begin to move, and his Second Law (Law of Acceleration) describes just how force affects the acceleration of an object, including our bodies. Biomechanics relates these principles to understand how forces acting on us can cause us to begin to move, stop moving, or change direction.

Center Of Gravity (CoG)

Imagine your body to be a kind of inverted pendulum. The CoG is that pivot or point of suspension at which all of the weight of the body appears to be located. Any movement away from an optimal balance of the CoG therefore can compromise stability. Biomechanics helps us understand how posture and movement patterns affect our CoG, and so influence our balance and fall risk.

Kinesiology

This is quite in contrast with biomechanics, which may be used strictly in the mechanics of movement. On the other hand, kinesiology broadly encompasses the study of human movements coupled with aspects including anatomy, physiology, and psychology. Understanding these concepts-be it biomechanics or kinesiology-provides one with a broad appreciation of how our body moves and functions.

Biomechanics is a very crucial field that enhances athletic performance and assists us in our health and fitness activities. The exploration of its principles reveals what is intuitive, namely, the complexity and efficiency of human movement.

The Sportz Planet Desk,
Atharva Shetye

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